These were the same as courts of request , (q. v.) This name is also frequently applied to the courts of equity or of chancery, not as a name but […]

A species of private courts of a limited though extensive jurisdiction , which, upon the thorough reduction of that principality and the settling of its polity in the reign of […]

Inferior courts, in England, having local jurisdiction in claims for small debts, established in various parts of the kingdom by special acts of parliament . They were abolished in 1846, […]

In English law . A species of private court which formerly appertained to the counties palatine of Lancaster and Durham.

comprise the following: The senate of the United States , sitting as a court of impeachment ; the supreme court ; the circuit courts ; the circuit courts of appeals […]

of Oxford and Cambridge have jurisdiction in all personal actions to which any member or servant of the respective university is a party, provided that the cause of action arose […]

The superior courts, both of law and equity, were for centuries fixed at Westminster , an ancient palace of the monarchs of England. Formerly, all the superior courts were held […]

Kindred in the fourth degree, being the issue (male or female) of the brother or sister of one’s father or mother. Those who descend from the brother or sister of […]

See COSINAGE.

Custom ; duty ; toll; tribute. 1 Bl. Comm. 314.

(Otherwise spelled “Coustumier” or “Coutumier.”) In old French law. A collection of customs, unwritten laws, and forms of procedure. Two such volumes are of especial importance in juridical history, viz., […]

A person who willingly and knowingly received an outlaw, and cherished or concealed him; for which offense he underwent the same punishment as the outlaw himself. Bract 1286,- Spelman.

in French law , is the deposit (“margin”) made by the client in the hands of the broker, either of a sum of money or of securities, in order to […]

A statistical measure of the relationship between two variables (e.g., financial ASSET prices), often used to determine the magnitude of CORRELATION . The covariance between two assets can be computed […]

A French word signifying convenient or suitable; as covenably endowed. It is anciently written “couveuable.” Teruies de la Ley.

In practice . The name of a common-law form of action ex contractu , which lies for the recovery of damages for breach of a covenant, or contract under seal. […]

A covenant that there are no incumbrances on the land conveyed; a stipulation against all rights to or interests in the land which may subsist in third persons to the […]

An undertaking , in the form of a covenant, on the part of the vendor of real estate to do such further acts for the purpose of perfecting the purchaser’s […]

An assurance against the consequences of a defective title , and of anv disturbances thereupon. Piatt, Cov. 312; Rawle, Cov. 125. A covenant that the tenant or grantee of an […]

the type of agreement where a party agrees not to compete against another business of a similar kind.

A covenant by one who had a right of action at the time of mak ing it against another person, by which he agrees not to sue to enforce such […]

A covenant r-ometiines employed, particularly in the New England states, and in deeds of extinguishment of ground rents in Pennsylvania, that neither the vendor, nor his heirs, nor any other […]

An assurance by the covenantor that the grantor has sufficient capacity and title to convey the estate which he by his deed undertakes to convey.

An assurance to the purchaser that the grantor has the very estate in quantity and quality which he purports to convey. 11 East, 641; Rawle, Cov

An assurance by the grantor of an estate that the grantee shall enjoy the same without interruption by virtue of paramount title . King v. Kilbride, 58 Conn. 109, 19 […]