As an alternative to incentive payment or pay-for-results schemes, production standard or quota is used. In return for quantity and quality workers receive a regular, guaranteed pay rate. It is […]

dimensions rather than weight is the basis for calculating a cargo’s transportation cost. For example, it is measurement cargo if a cargo’s cost is measured in bales, not tons.

The quantity’s actual value differs from a measured value. A systemic error caused by the measuring instrument ‘s incorrect calibration will not improve by repeating the measurement. A random error […]

slight price or volume upticks or downticks causing errors in determining the asset’s value. This type of noise is a short-term phenomenon. Also known as observational noise.

Used for land or sea shipments, a ‘volume ton’ equals: (1) 40 cubic feet or 1.12 cubic meters, or (2) 1 cubic meter or 35.3 cubic feet. Also refer to […]

Exactness of a measurement to the true value of being measured.

An officer in the city of London, who measured woolen clothes, coals, etc.

1. Act of taking measurements, using meaningful standardized units to quantify values. For example, one measures dimensions to quantify length, width, weight, mass, and the like. 2. Calculated actions taken […]

A measurement of data values that identifies the middle value of the information . The mean, the median, and the mode are the three common measures of central tendency .

In old English law . A duty which some persons exacted, by letters patent , for every piece of cloth made, besides alnage. Now abolished.

A rent formerly paid in meal.

A workman employed in shaping and uniting materials, such as wood, metal, etc., into some kind of structure, machine, or other object, requiring the use of tools. Story v. Walker, […]

A species of lien created by statute in most of the states, which exists in favor of persons who have performed work or furnished material in and for the erection […]

Having relation to, or produced or accomplished by, the use of mechanism or machinery. Used chielly in patent law . See compound terms infra.

Bending, brittleness , elongation, hardness, and tensile strength as these specific types of indicators and characteristics of a material’s elastic or inelastic behavior under pressure or force.

bending, cutting, drawing, grinding, hammering, rolling, shaving, and twisting as material deforming into a desired shape as this type of physical operations.

Components, elements, or parts, and the associated energy and information flows enabling a machine, process, or system to achieve its intended result within this type of logical assembly.

This type of organization is hierarchical and bureaucratic. It is characterized by its (1) highly centralized authority, (2) formalized procedures and practices, and (3) specialized functions. Mechanistic organization are relatively […]

Making investment decisions through sophisticated computer programs. Mechanization depends totally on coded logic, calculations and computerized modeling

The veracity that a person is who he or she claims to be, supporting the guarantee by this specific institution that the individual who signs a stock or certificate is […]

In old records. A house or place where inetlieglin, or mead, was made

In old English law . A bribe or reward; a compensation given in exchange, where the things exchanged were not of equal value. Cowell.

not the meander line as naturally run on the ground, is the boundary. St. I’aul & P. R. Co. v. Schurmeier, 7 Wall. 280. 10 L. Ed. 74; Nilcs v. […]

1. News, entertainment , education, data, and promotional messages are sent world-wide through this type of communication channels. Every broadcasting and narrow casting medium, like newspapers, magazines, TV, radio, billboards, […]

An activity or upcoming event released to the general media as this type of brief announcement . Also refer to press release .