An isolated system with no interaction or interface with any external environment . Recognizing a closed systems externally comes only from its outputs that are not dependent on the system […]

Condition enacted when a mutual fund has much more money to invest than the availability of allowable investments.

1. Financial transaction finalized during an accounting period . 2. Any transaction finalized for all of its tasks.

A labor union strictly limited to a specific craft, occupation , or industry. Limits its membership, also.

Year of termination for a limit or law. An example in taxation is a filing period that ends after a certain number of years. A taxpayer cannot file for a […]

An INVESTMENT COMPANY that raises CAPITAL by issuing a limited number of shares on an EXCHANGE, and invests proceeds in a range of ASSETS on behalf of investors. Once the […]

A type of regulated investment firm with a limited number of shares available, as listed on a specific exchange, making the stock a closed-end fund .

Consumer lease having no option nor requirement for the lessee to buy the leased item at the end of the lease period. Known also as walk away lease. An example […]

Type of consumer installment loan where the borrower cannot alter the (1). number and amount of installments , (2). maturity date , and/or (3). credit terms. Known also as closed […]

Loan agreement that prevents a mortgagor or borrower from borrowing additional sums against the mortgaged asset or property, unless paying off the current mortgage balance. Refer also to closed mortgage […]

Mutual fund with a set limit of shares available to investors or a set limit of monies or stock-types. Transactions in the shares of such funds are based on their […]

A transaction with extended credit for a specific amount over a specific period available only once . The money credited must be fully repaid within that period. An example is […]

A method for investments and securities used by a business or corporation owned by specific set of people.

(1). A firm whose shares are owned by a small group of investors or family. (2). A firm with a number of its shares owned by non-employees or the public […]

Shares owned by a specific few individuals, a family, or a specific small group.

Selling off of discontinued, obsolete, or slow-moving stock, typically through a clearance sale .

Firm that buys up all or most of another firm’s closeout stock and sells it to other vendors or the public.

New Zealand – Australia Free trade agreement as of January 1, 1983.

1. In Accounting, this is the moving of account balances at the end of an accounting period from subsidiary ledgers, containing nominal or temporary accounts, to an income summary account […]

the settlement of taxes that is between the taxpayer and the government agency charged with collecting the taxes.

the term that is applied when the lawyer makes his summation in a trial.

The signal of a ringing bell ending the regular trading day on an exchange. The honor of ringing the closing bell of an exchange is often celebrated as a notable […]

Costs and fees required of a buyer in a real estate transaction , or of a borrower in mortgage loans.

1. Date of completion of the formalities of a real estate transaction , or a mortgage loan . Known also as closing date. 2. Same meaning as expiration date .

Level of output in the short term where production marginal cost equals average variable cost , and the basis to stopping production.