An officer in the English chancery whose duty was to fit the wax to seal the writs, commissions , and other Instruments thence Issuing. The office was abolished by St […]

An ancient term for goods, wares, and merchandise

Traffic; the practice of buying and selling

A measure used by engineers and surveyors, being twenty-two yards in length.

The order of hierarchy by which an organization wields and delegates authority and power from top management to every employee at every level of the organization . By design, Instructions […]

A term applied metaphorically to the series of conveyances, or other forms of alienation, affecting a particular parcel of land, arranged consecutively, from the government or original source of title […]

A self-sustaining continuance of action in a chemical, nuclear, or other process where an accelerating progression of one or more reactions magnifies the action ‘s results. An explosion is an […]

A report detailing the volume of sales from chain stores . This report is typically monthly. This report serves as an industry indicator of consumer spending , which translates into […]

Mass market retail outlets owned by one firm and spread nationwide or worldwide, such as Body Shop, KMart, or Wal-Mart. Typical attributes are (1) similar architecture , (2) store design […]

As an alternative to the Consumer Price Index , this measurement is used to remove any biases related to new products, any changes in quality, and discounted pricing. The chain […]

A member of a Franchise chain in which a franchisee operates under the franchisor’s brand or trade name and becomes a unit of the franchisor’s business.

A name given to the presiding officer of an assembly, public meeting, convention, deliberative or legislative body, board of directors , committee, etc.

In English parliamentary practice. In the commons, this officer, always a member, is elected by the house on the assembling of every new parliament . When the house is in […]

The manufacturing process of a single-piece where a single worker walks the piece from one workstation to the next, setting up and operating each machine from beginning to the end […]

Twelve sacks of coals, each holding three bushels, weighing about a ton and a half. In Wales they reckon 12 barrels or CHALLENGE 187 CHAMBER BUSINESS pitchers a ton or […]

1. To object or except to; to prefer objections to a person, right, or instrument ; to formally call Into question the capability of a person for a particular function, […]

A challenge to a juror for which some cause or reason is alleged. Termes de la Ley ; 4 Bl. Comm. 353. Thus distinguished from a peremptory challenge . Turner […]

A challenge interposed on account of an ascertained or suspected bias or partiality, and which may be either a principal challenge or a challenge to the favor . Harris- burg […]

Latin for an objection to a juror based on possible bias or partiality.

A challenge to a juror on account of some legal disqualification. such as infancy, etc. See CHALLENGE.

A summons or invitation , given by one person to another. to engage in a personal combat; a request to fight a duel. A criminal offense . See Steph. Crim. […]

An exception to the whole panel in which the jury are arrayed, or set in order by the sheriff in his return, upon account of partiality, or some default in […]

Is where the party has no principal challenge , but objects only some probable circumstances of suspicion, as acquaintance, and the like, the validity of which must be left to […]

The same as a challenge to the array. See supra. And see Pen. Code Cal. 1903,

Automatic internet login’s secure method of entry without filling in a password. CHAP allegedly provides greater security than just a password authentication protocol that transmits the password in text format.