A system of courts of the United States (one in each circuit) created by act of congress of March 3, 1S91 (U. S. Comp. St. 1901, p. 4S8), composed of the circuit justice , the circuit judge , and an additional circuit judge appointed for each such court, aud having appellate jurisdiction from the circuit and district courts except in certain specified classes of cases. CIRCUITUS EST EVITANDUS 201 CISTA Circuitus est evitandus; et boni judi- cis est lites dirimere, ne lis ex lite oria- tur. 5 Coke, 31. Circuity is to be avoided; and it is the duty of a good judge to determine litigations, lest one lawsuit arise out of another.