A term anciently used to denote civil actions, or those depending between subject and subject, as distinguished from picas of the crown. Dallett v. Feltus. 7 Phila. (Pa.) 627. COMMON PLEAS , THE COURT OF. In English law . (So called because its original jurisdiction was to determine controversies between subject and subject.) One of the three superior courts of common law at Westminster , presided over by a lord chief COMMON RECOVERY 228 COMMOTION justice and five (formerly four, until 31 & 32 Vict. c. 125,